4
Review of Journal
1.Desi
Nori Sahputri
Review
of journal “Theoris of Semantics Merits and Limitat”
This is review of journal,the title is Theoris of
Semantics Merits and Limitat by Saleh Mustafa Ramadan Al-Zaytoonah Private
University of Jordan Amman, Jordan.Taleb I. Ababneh Irbid National
University-Jordan Irbid, Jordan.This journal from academia.edu.There are 9
pages in this journal.
Semantics is the technical term used to refer to the
study of meaning, and, since meaning is a part of language, semantics is a part of linguistics.
The
Referential Theory of Meaning
a. Meaning as the
Relationship between Words and Objects
Greek philosophers
say that there is a relationship between
words and objects. In other words, the best way of indicating the meaning of a
word is to refer to the object represented by that word. In their points of
view, the best definition of the meaning of a word is its ostens ive definition: defining an object by pointing to
that object.
b. Meaning as a Triangular
Relationship
The symbol is the
spoken or written word; the reference is the information that the spoken or written
shape of the word conveys to the reader/ hearer; and the referent is the thing
or the object we talk about.
c. Bloomfield’s View of
Meaning
Bloomfield (1933)
stated that the context of situation was an essential part of meaning.He defined
the meaning of a linguistic form as the situation in which the speaker utters
it and the response which it calls forth in the hearer. Palmer(1981) used reference
in the sense of non linguistic world of
objects and experiences.
The
Non–Referential Theory of Meaning
Bridge (1927: 6) states
that “the proper definition of a concept is not in terms of its properties,but
in terms of actual operations”. For him a concept is nothing more than a set of
operations. If the concept is physical as of length; the operations are actual
physical operations,namely,those by which length is measured: or if the concept
is mental, as of mathematical continuity, the operations are mental operations,
namely those by which we determine whether a given aggregate of magnitude is
continuous.
The
Generative Grammarian Theory
A. Interpretive
Semantic Theory
B. Generative Semantic
Theory
Interpretative
Semantics versus Generative Semantics
For linguists, the deep
structure, is the underlying network of syntactic relations. For generative semanticists,
the deep structure is not “deep” enough. This approach wants the deep structure of a sentence to be
so deep to be identical with its semantic representation.
The
strengthness of this journal is this journal explain the complete theory with
the word choice that simple and this journal give conclusion in the end of
journal.
The weakness of this journal is The are some example that
make the reader confuse.
Conclusion
This journal explain
about theory in Semantics is complete although there are some example still
confuse.
2.Nabila
Firda Asy’ari
Review
of journal “Semantics and theories of semantics”
This is review of journal,the title is Semantics and
theories of semantics by Abbas Bukhari,uploaded by Zain Ez+1 at academia.edu.
There is 15 pages in this journal.
Semantics is the study of meaning in language. We know
that language is used to express meanings which can be understood by others.
Difficulties in the
Study of Meaning
The problem of
‘meaning’ is quite difficult; it is because of its toughness that some linguists
went on to the extent of excluding semantics from linguistics.
Taking up some of the
above definitions of meaning, we can discuss the different aspects of meaning o
a word as follows:
The
logical or denotative meaning. This is the literal
meaning of a word indicating the idea or concept to which it refers. concept is
a minimal unit of meaning which could be
called a ‘sememe’.
The
connotative meaning. This is the additional meaning that a
concept carries. It is defined as ‘the communicative value an expression has by
virtue of what it refers to over and above its purely conceptual content’
(Leech, 1981)
The
social meaning: This is the meaning that a word or a
phrase conveys about the circumstances of its use.
The
thematic meaning: This is the meaning which is
communicated by the way in which a speaker or writer organises the message in
terms of ordering, focus and emphasis.
The strengthness this journal is the language that use in
this journal easy to understand.And the weakness from this journal is the text
in this jurnal terlalu monoton and make the reader be bored.
Conclusion
In this journal explain
the theory well although the text is monoton and make the reader be bored.
3.Susi
Lestari
Review
of Journal “Frame semantics a brief introduction”
This is review of journal,the title is Frame semantics a
brief introduction by Diego Gavagna Aarhus University 2013 at academia.edu. There
is 14 pages in this journal.
Frame semantics, as
described by Charles J. Fillmore, is a research program in empirical semantics
that analyses words’ meanings “emphasizing the continuities, rather than the
discontinuities, between language and experience”(Fillmore, 1982).
according to necessity
one will use some of the words of the frame to highlight elements of the frame
that needs to be focus of attention. Other elements (or arguments) will be
backgrounded. So for example I can focus on the buyer and the goods saying:
1) John bought the car
Or I can background the
buyer and the goods and say:
2) Susan charged 10.000€
Foregrounding the
Seller and the Money. Although the central event is the same:
3) A car is bought for
10.000€by John from Susan.
Fillmore argues that
verbs, e.g. buy, sell, charge, are characterized by their valence.This is the
argument structure that is required by the verb, and the situational roles that
the arguments assume due to this structure. Some elements are necessary for the
sentence not to be ungrammatical, these are said the participant roles. The
valence of buy is typically ‘divalent’ that is that it requires at least two
arguments. But these are not necessarily the same arguments, example one
foregrounds the buyer and the goods but example three highlights the goods and
the money.
The strengthness from this journal is use explanation in the example.And
the weakness this journal terlalu monoton and make bored.
Conclusion
This journal is good
because explain through example although the text is monoton.
4.Ratna
Sari
Review
journal “Semantic Field, Semantic Relation and Semantic
Component”
This is
review of journal,the title is Semantic Field,Semantic Relation and Semantic
Component by Benedict Orji Ukpabi from academia.edu.
Semantic field is a set of words or
lexemes related in meaning; also called lexical field, field, or field of
meaning. Most often, fields are defined by subject matter, such as body parts,
landforms, diseases, colours, foods, or kinship relations.
Semantic Relations
Semantic relations or meaning relations are words that
are semantically related to other words.
There are lexical groups or
components that made up semantic relation :
Synonym
Synonyms
usually differ in at least one semantic feature. Sometimes the feature
is:
a.objective (denotative), referring
to some actual, real world difference in the referents; example: walk, lumber, stroll, meander, lurch, stagger, stride, mince.
b.subjective (connotative),
referring to how the speaker feels about the referent rather than any real
difference in the referent itself; example: die, pass away, give up the ghost, kick the bucket, croak.
Antonyms
This sub-field give us definition and so many example about
There are three categories of antonyms:
a.
Graded antonyms
b.
Complementary antonyms
c.
Relational antonyms
Polysemy
This
is a meaning relation whereby a single lexical item has several (apparaently)
related
meanings.
Antagonymy
Homonymy
A Homonym is
a word that is written and pronounced the same way as another, but which has a
different meaning.
Hyponymy/hypernymy
Hyponymy is a relation between two words in which the
meaning of one of the words includes the meaning of the other word.
Examples are : apple- fruit ; car- vehicles ; chair- furniture ; cow - animal.
The strengthness from this journal is the materi that
explain is complete about semantics.And the weakness from this journal is there
are some explanation that still confuse for understand.
Conclusion
There
are some materi make the reader confuse but this materi complete about
semantic.
