INTERPRETING EXAMINATION

This video for interpreting examination. The lecturer is Mr. Budianto Hamuddin, M. Esl in Lancang Kuning University. The Examination is make a subtitle english-indonesia

INTERPRETING

This is the video with the subtitle that have be created by me in the interpreting class and the lecturer is Mr. Budianto Hamuddin, M. Esl. 

 This video I get from Motivation2Study channel. This is english subtitle.

 This video I get from Shidqi Kipli channel. This is indonesia subtitle

Talk and Action

Group 10

·         Mike Yulfa Acmi

·         Nabila Firda

Speech Act

1.      Locutionary Act: A locutionary act refers to the saying of something which containts meaning and permits to be understood.

For example:

Read the poem.Here the speaker does the act of saying and the hearer understands the words ‘read’ the ‘poem’ and is able to recognize the poem reffered to.

2.      Illucotionary Act : When we speak or write an utterance or a sentence to accomplish a function,it is called an illocutionary act.This is an illocutionary act means an act performed in saying something.

For Example:

Shut the door.This utterance may be intended as an order or a request or the like

3.      Perlocutionary Act: A perlocutionary act is the result or effect produced by means of saying something.

For Example:

(He persuaded me to)learn English

Cooperation

Cooperation can be understood as an essential factor when speakers and listeners are interacting,in other words,it is the expectation that the listener has towards the speaker.The speaker is supposed to convey true statements and say nothing more than what is required.When the people talk each other,they try to converse smoothly and successfully.Cooperation is the basis of successful conversations.

In the Cooperation,there are Maxims of speech,there are:

1.      Quantity.Example: If you are assisting me to mend a car, I expect your contribution to be neither more nor less than is required; if, for example, at a particular stage I need four screws, I expect you to hand me four, rather than two or six.

2.      Quality.Example I expect your contributions to be genuine and not spurious. If I need sugar as an ingredient in the cake you are assisting me to make, I do not expect you to hand me salt; if I need a spoon, I do not expect a trick spoon made of rubber.

3.      Relation.Example: I expect a partner’s contribution to be appropriate to immediate needs at each stage of the transaction; if I am mixing ingredients for a cake, I do not expect to be handed a good book, or even an oven cloth (though this might be an appropriate contribution at a later stage).

4.      Manner.Example:I expect a partner to make it clear what contribution he is making, and to execute his performance with reasonable dispatch.

Conversation

The basic assumption in conversation is that the participants are adhearing to the cooperative principle and the maxim.

For example:

Wife : I hope you brought the bread and the cheese

Husband : Ah,I brought the bread

In this case.the husband does not mention the cheese.Then,he must intend that the wife infers what is not mentioned was not brought.The husband has convey more than he has said via a conversational implicature

Solidarity and Politeness

Group 9

·         Annisa Septiani

·         Mikail Jordan

·         Rexi Oktavian

·         Syahfitri

Tu and Vous

            Many language have a distinction corresponding to the tu-vous (Y/V) distinction in French,in grammatically there is a “singular you” tu (t) and a “plural you” vous (V),but usage requires that use vous with individuals on certain occasion. IV century: the use of plural vous was to address the emperor. There were two emperors: one in Constantinople and another in Rome, but the Empire was administratively unified. By addressing one, you were in fact addressing both emperors.As a consequence, the medieval upper classes began to use V-forms among them to show mutual respect and politeness. Lower classes used mutual T –forms Upper classes used T to address lower classes, but received V addressing.Asymmetrical T/V usage symbolized a power relationship.Symmetrical V usage became “polite” usage, spreading downwards in society. It was used, for instance, between wife and husband, parents and children and lovers Symmetrical T usage showed intimacy. People using this for had strong common interests, showed solidarity.

Address Term

            A term of address is a word,phrase,name,or title (or some combination of these) used in addressing someone in writing or in speech.Also called an address term or a form of address.

A term of address may be friendly,unfriendly,or neutral;respectful,disrespectful,or comradely.Althought a term of address commonly appears at the beginning of a sentence.

For Example:

Mr.President,I am not saying we wouldn’t get our hair mussed.But I do say no more than ten to twenty million killed,tops.Uh,depending on the beaks.

Politeness

            Politeness is socially prescribed, we adjust to others in social relationships in ways society deems appropriate.Impoliteness depends on the existence of standards. There are tow kinds of politeness:positive: we try to achieve solidarity and treat others as friends. We do not impose and never threaten their face. Example: symmetrical pronominal use negative: it leads to deference, indirectness and formality in language use. Example: Asymmetric T/V use.

Ethnographies

Group 8

·         Della safitri

·         Desi Nori Sahputri

·         Febti Mahani Batubara

According to Hymes (1974) An ethnography of a communicative event is a description of all the factors that are relevant in understanding how that particular communicative event achieves its objectives.The Ethnography of communication is the a method of discourse analysis in linguistics, which draws on the anthropological field of ethnography.Ethnography is alternately botha research methodology anda way of writing up research.The study of single group through direct contact with their culture.

The aim of ethnomethodology is to study the processes of sense making (idealizingand formulizing).Ethnomethodology is a branch of the social science which is concerned with exploring how people interact with the world and make sense of reality

Varieties of Talk

Speech is used in differentways among differentgroups of people. Eachgroup has its own norms oflinguistic behavior.For example:

·         The Western Apache of East-Central Arizona choose to be silent when there is a strong possibility that such uncertainty exists.They are silent on ‘meeting strangers’ whether these are fellow Western Apache or complete outsiders; and strangers, too, are expected to be silent.

·         In Antigua, people speak because they must assert themselves through language. They do not consider as interruptions behavior that we would consider being either interruptive or even disruptive. Reisman says that in Antigua ‘ to enter a conversation one must assert one’s presence rather than participate in something formalized as an exchange.

·         Subanun of the Philippines, who employ certain kinds of speech in drinking encounters. Such encounters are very important for gaining prestige for resolving disputes.Frake (1964) has described how to talk, what he calls ‘drinking talk’, proceeds in such encounters, from the initial invitation to partake of drink, to the selection of proper topics for discussion as drinking proceeds competitively, and finally to displays of verbal art that accompany heavy, ‘successful’ drinking.

Words and Culture

Group 7

·         Hendra Juniaditra

·         Siska Dewi Wulandari

·         Siti Diyanah Maisurah

Whorfian claim that the structure of a language influence how its speaker view the world is today most usually associated with the linguist Sapir and his students Whorf,a chemical engineer by training,a fire prevention engineer by vocation,and a linguist by avocation.

Kinship

Kinship terms are a universal feature of human language. Some systems are much richer than others, but all make use of such factors as gender, age, generation, blood, and marriage in their organization.It is very difficult to get an exhaustive description.As social conditions change, we can expect kinship systems to change to reflect the new conditions (Wardhaugh 228).

Prototype and  Prototypical

            Prototype is name of something that generally or in one group like Bird and flower while Prototypical is the name of something that more specific or part of general name like Rose,Lili and Tulip (that are part of flower) and Eagle,Toucan and Pigeon (that part of Bird).

Color

            A color of world but the amount of color varies from place to place and time to time.Except to those blinded to it,color is all around but it is not everywhere treated in the same way.It is the language base on their region.

For Example : Brown (English) = Brun (Prancis)

Taboo and Euphimism

            Taboo is things people do not talk about and euphemism is things people talk about in a roundabout way. In society,it concerned with Behaviour believed to be harmful to society’s members for supernatural reasons, or regarded immoral or improper, because violating a moral code.And In language,it associated with things not said, and with words and expressions not used. .